The Biography Of Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 - 19 March 1727)
It is generally known Newton's life episode (legendary?) Apple would have suggested the theory of gravitation. But we often forget that this brilliant physicist was also a brilliant mathematician, at the time when the boundaries between the sciences were less marked.
   Isaac Newton was born in Woolsthorpe [England] December 25, 1642, the year Galileo died. His parents were farmers, but his father died two months before his birth. His mother remarried, and it seems that childhood of Newton, sent to her grandmother, not very happy. A public school in Grantham, Newton is a student inattentive. Age 16, he was recalled by his mother to take care of the family estate, but this work is inappropriate him, and he returned to school to prepare for university entrance. Stokes is the first to detect in Newton a promising talent, and help to enter Trinity College, Cambridge in 1661. There, outside the Cartesian philosophy course, Newton personal interest in astronomy, and so math because it lacks many geometric concepts to understand the work of Halley.
   In the summer of 1665, the plague descends on England, and Newton has to return to his native region. During this two-year period that we located his first dramatic advances in mathematics, physics, especially optics: Newton understands that white light is not an entity, but is the sum of colored lights. On his return to Cambridge, his genius is detected by Barrow, who made known his work, help to succeed his last university exams and in 1669 succeeded the student teacher to the chair of mathematics. In 1672, he joined the Royal Society of London following the manufacture of a spherical mirror telescope Typically without chromatic aberration.
   The major work of Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica it appeared in 1687, which marks the top of the Newtonian thought. Principia marked the beginnings of mathematization of physics. They include all the main foundations of classical mechanics: equality of action and reaction, principle of inertia, and especially law of universal gravitation: two bodies attract with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional the square of the distance. In mathematics, in addition to the classification of conical and the binomial theorem for non-integer exponents, Newton is considered the co-inventor of calculus, called by her method of fluxions. This calculus is considered through kinematics, while Leibniz it proceeds geometry. The bypass is still considered intuitively, but the groundwork for modern analysis arose.
   Newton was undoubtedly a complex and tormented personality. He is reluctant to communicate with other scientific discoveries, which earned him some violent quarrels with Hooke priority (for universal gravitation) and Leibniz (about calculus). He spends a lot of time to alchemy, theology. In 1693, Newton has a serious nervous breakdown crisis, which made him abandon any new research, in favor of a synthesis and improvements of its past performance. He also holds the prestigious administrative functions: he was appointed director of the Mint, and in 1703 he was elected President of the Royal Society. Knighted in 1705, he died March 19, 1727 in London, and he was buried in Westminster Abbey, alongside the kings of England.